The Twi language, one of the major languages spoken in Ghana, uses the Latin alphabet with a few additional characters to represent sounds specific to the language. Here’s an overview of the Twi alphabet along with their pronunciations:
Vowels
Twi has seven vowels, each with a short and long form.
- a – as in “father”
- ɛ – as in “bed”
- e – as in “hey”
- i – as in “see”
- o – as in “go”
- ɔ – as in “dog”
- u – as in “too”
Consonants
The Twi alphabet includes the following consonants, which are similar to those in the English alphabet but with some differences in pronunciation.
- b – as in “ball”
- d – as in “dog”
- f – as in “fish”
- g – as in “go”
- h – as in “hat”
- k – as in “kite”
- l – as in “lion”
- m – as in “man”
- n – as in “net”
- p – as in “pen”
- r – as in “red”
- s – as in “sun”
- t – as in “top”
- w – as in “water”
- y – as in “yes”
Additional Consonants
Twi also uses additional consonant sounds that are represented by combinations of letters or specific diacritics.
- ɔ – pronounced like the “o” in “dog”
- ɛ – pronounced like the “e” in “bed”
- ky – pronounced like “ch” in “cheese”
- gy – pronounced like “j” in “jam”
- hw – a voiceless “h” followed by “w”
- hy – pronounced like the “sh” in “she”
- dw – a voiced “d” followed by “w”
- tw – pronounced like “ch” in “church”
- kw – pronounced like “qu” in “quick”
- nw – a nasal “n” followed by “w”
Tone Marks
Twi is a tonal language, meaning that the pitch or intonation used when pronouncing a word can change its meaning. However, tone marks are usually not written in everyday Twi texts but are essential in proper pronunciation.
- High Tone: Usually not marked but can be inferred from context.
- Mid Tone: Generally unmarked.
- Low Tone: Sometimes marked with a grave accent (e.g., à).
Examples of Twi Words
- Adɛn – Why
- Pronunciation: Ah-den
- Fie – Home
- Pronunciation: Fee-eh
- Nsuo – Water
- Pronunciation: En-su-oh
- Kɔ – Go
- Pronunciation: Koh
- Bra – Come
- Pronunciation: Brah
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