Will Bromine Form an Anion?

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Yes, bromine can form an anion. When bromine (Br) gains an electron, it forms a bromide ion (Br⁻), which is an anion.

Explanation:

  1. Atomic Structure:
    • Bromine is a halogen, located in Group 17 (VIIA) of the periodic table. Halogens have seven electrons in their outermost shell and require one more electron to achieve a stable, full outer shell, similar to the noble gases.
  2. Electron Affinity:
    • Bromine has a high electron affinity, meaning it readily accepts an electron to complete its octet. This makes it highly reactive and likely to form an anion.
  3. Formation of Bromide Ion:
    • When bromine gains an electron, it achieves a stable electronic configuration. The reaction can be represented as: Br+e−→Br−\text{Br} + e^- \rightarrow \text{Br}^-
    • The resulting bromide ion (Br⁻) has a full octet, making it more stable.
  4. Chemical Properties:
    • As an anion, bromide can form ionic compounds with various cations. For example, when bromine reacts with sodium (Na), it forms sodium bromide (NaBr): Na+Br→Na++Br−→NaBr\text{Na} + \text{Br} \rightarrow \text{Na}^+ + \text{Br}^- \rightarrow \text{NaBr}

Applications and Examples:

  • Sodium Bromide (NaBr): Used in photography and as a sedative.
  • Potassium Bromide (KBr): Used in medical imaging and veterinary medicine.
  • Hydrobromic Acid (HBr): A strong acid used in chemical synthesis and as a catalyst.

Conclusion:

Bromine readily forms an anion, the bromide ion (Br⁻), by gaining an electron. This property is typical of halogens, which seek to complete their valence electron shell by acquiring an additional electron.

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